One of the types of curative cave resin mumian is called Caucasian mumian [16]. This type of the mumian is being found in Armenian caves very often.

The Caucasian mumian is a black-colored substance and does not have the specific smell of mumian. It covers the walls and ceilings of those caves in which manure of animals exists.

The Caucasian mumian has a different origin than that of the real one (asil mumian, Arabic mumian). It is the result of adsorption, on the walls of the caves, of manure’s easily volatile components or the products of its destruction. Because of this, from the first look it is strange that it is impossible to find Caucasian mumian on the walls of the caves below certain height (approximately 1 meter above the ground) and this may be explained by the effect of "carbon dioxide" Figures 8.

Figure 8. Chickness of the caucassian mumian layer in a cave due to the height, which it has from the bottom of a cave.

The following is the essence of this effect: in those caves where constant source of CO2 exists (oxidizing manure), about 1-1.5 meter height is the source of CO2 . CO2, of course, is being adsorbed on the walls of the cave and thus it doesn’t allow the easily volatile components - raw materials of the Caucasian mumian, to be adsorbed in that area, hence the adsorption of the latter one takes place at a higher area. The Caucasian mumian exists only in those caves which are well protected from winds because the winds take away the initial raw substances.

For a long time it seemed to us that the thickness of the Caucasian mumian doesn’t exceed 1-2 millimeters. At last, we discovered a "live colony" of such type of mumian [13]. This colony is in the artificial cave-tunnel of Geghard canyon. The cave was in complete darkness. In the 17-th century the earthquake destroyed the front wall of the cave and the sunlight rays penetrated inside the cave. The formation of the mumian started exactly on the places where the rays dropped. So far this resin is the only one the exact age of which is known. In that "live colony" we discovered "mature" mumian - bright and black, "dying" mumian which has gloomy surface, and "dead" mumian which reminds gray and easily destroying bulk. It is obvious that the initial substance cannot adsorb on such a "dead" surface unless the pulled apart bulk did not free the whole surface of the cave walls. This means that the thickness of the layer of the Caucasian mumian cannot exceed certain value as destruction processes start and on the other hand the Caucasian mumian covers cave walls and ceilings with pulsation intervals between which are comprised of centuries( Figure 9 ).

Figure 9. Change of the Caucassian mumian thickness during time ( ages ).

The results of the investigation of the Caucasian mumian are represented in Table 7. The ability of "mature" mumian to be dissolved is 44.6% and for "dead" mumian it is 37.1%.

The elementary composition of the Caucasian mumian is represented in the Table 7 and on the Figure 10.

Figure 10. The change of microelemantar composition of Caucassian mumian along its maturation.

As it can be seen on the Figure 10, the change of quantity of microelements has other nature than the real mumian. This is the essential difference between Caucasian and real mumians.

Table 7. The Results of Investigation of the Caucasian Mumian

Name

Ability to be Dissolved

Elementar Composition (%)

   

Ca

Mg

Mn

Cu

Fe

Pb

raw substance

18

3.2

1.78

0.061

---

0.037

0.0014

"live" mumian

44.6

1.38

1.03

0.032

---

0.018

0.0001

"dying" mumian

44.6

2.8

0.33

0.032

---

0.35

0.00025

"dead" mumian

37.1

1.56

0.151

0.031

---

0.23

0.00024